Electric-generation system.



F. R. BABGOCK. ELECTRIC GENERATION SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 23,1907.

Patented Nov. 3, 1908.

I INVENTOR A W/i Wf UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRED RIPLE'Y HANCOCK, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

ELECTRIC-GENERATION SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 3, 1908.

Application filed March 23, 1907. Serial No. 364,135.

ment wherein any danger of overcharging the battery is avoided; toprovide an a1 rangement wherein all opportunity for the short-circuitmgof the dynamo at any stage of the operation is done away with; toprovide an arrangement wherein the discharge of the battery into thedynamo is at all times prevented; to provide an arrangement wherein adrop in the dynamo voltage below the battery voltage will open theelectrical circuit; to provide an arrangement wherein a rise in the linevoltage above a desired battery voltage will open the electricalcircuit;

' to provide an arrangement wherein a rise in the line voltage willautomatically throw into the electrical circuit means for weakening thefield and reducing, the flow of current from the dynamo; to provide anarrangement wherein a drop in battery voltage below a predeterminedpoint will close the electrical circuit; to rovide an arrangementwherein the charging of a battery by a d name is automatically governedby the variation in voltage of either the dynamo or the battery; andfinally to provide a simple and economical system which may be arrangedin compact form and which will combine maximum efficiency withpositiveness of operation. One form of the system is shown in theaccompanying drawing wherein The figure is a diagrammatic showing of thesystem.

The system is believed to have a wide application but is especiallydesigned foruse with automobiles for lighting and sparking purposes,wherein the speed of the driving motor is not constant, and it isnecessary to use a secondary battery in connection with a dynamo inorder to provide the proper constancy and uniformity in current. Thedynamo will ordinarily be driven from the motor of the vehicle by meansof a belt or chain, but if desired may be driven by an individual motorseparate from the driving mechanism of the vehicle.

Referring to the diagrammatic drawing, 1 is the dynamo which, as abovestated, may be driven from any desired motor and is provided with theterminals 2 and 3, 4 and 5 are the field coils, of which 4 is the seriescoil, and 5- is a shunt coil, 6 and 7 are leafsprings constituting aswitch, 8 and 9 are contact members with which the leaf springs 6 and 7are adapted to contact, 10 is an operating rod for moving the springs 6and 7, which rod is secured at its rear end to the armature bar 11provided with the inwardly projecting ends 12, 13 and 14 are ma net barssurrounded by the operating windings 14, 15, and 15', and 16 is thesecondary battery. is a volt-meter having an indicating hand 30 andcontact members 31 and 31, 32 is an automatic switch, wherein 35 is acontact member for connecting the contact members 34 and 34 whichconstitute a switch, 33 is a carrying rod for the contact member 35,which rod is secured at one end to an operating rod 36 for moving thesaid contact member 35. The rod 36 has pivoted to it an armature bar 37and carries a push button 37% The armature bar 37, normally held open bythe spring 37 is pivoted to the other end to one of theprojecting ends38 on the magnet bar 39, which is surrounded by the operating winding39. 40 is a solenoid, wherein 41 is the operating winding, and 42 is thearmature adapted to engage with the end rod 36, of the magnet bar 37. i3is a spring provided to ress the armature 42 against the end 36 anmature 37 in raised position against the opposing tendency of the spring37". One of the terminals of the dynamo has a direct connection 17 to abattery terminal, while the other terminal of the dynamo has directconnection with the contact member 9 by means of the wire 18. The serieswinding 4 has a connection at one end to the dynamo terminal 2 and atthe other end is connected by means of the wire 19 with the coil 15. Theother end of the coil 15 is connected with the springs 6 and 7. Theshunt winding is connected at one end adjacent the terminal 2 and at theother end is connected to the coil 14 by means of the wire 20. The otherend of the coil 14 is connected to the wire 17 by means of the parts21-34-3534- maintain the ar- 2:2. The coil 15 is secured at one of itsends to the contact member 8 and at its l ther end to the terminal ofthe battery by means oi the wires 12 and 2;. The leaf spring (3 isperforated for the passage of the reduced end of the operating rod 10.In operation, when the rod 10 is raised, the reduced end 23 passesthrough the opening in the spring l and presses the spring 7 against.the contact member 8 before the larger portion of the rod 10 engages thespring 6 and presses it away from its contact with the member 9. Thewinding of the coils 14, 15 and 15 is in such a direction that when thecurrent is passing through the windings in the direction indicated bythe arrows, the tendency of the coils 14c, 15, and 15 will be toovercome the gravity of the armature bar 11 and raise it. The volt-meter30 has a connection with the battery by means of the wire 22 and 22";with the dynamo terminal 3 by means of the parts 22, 22 16 and 17; withthe opposite pole of the battery by means of the wire 22*; with thewinding 39 by means of the wire 22 leading from the contact member 31,and with the winding 41 by means of the wire 22 leading from the contactmember 31. The other end of the winding {i1 is connected to the batteryby means of the wires 22 and 22. The other end of the winding 39* isconnected to the battery 16' by means of the wires 22' and 22. Inoperation, when the bar 37 is raised, the contact member 35 is liftedand the electrical connection between the contact members 34- and 34 isbroken. The tendency of the coil 39 when current is passed therethrough,will be to overcome the action of the spring 37 and the gravity of thearmature bar 37 and raise the said bar. The winding of the coil 11 is insuch a direction that when the current is passing therethrough, thetendency of the coil will be to overcome the action of the spring 43,and permit the armature bar 37 to be drawn downward by means of theaction of the spring 37 and gravity.

The operation of the device is as follows: Assuming that the leafsprings 6 and 7, and the contact members 3+1, 35 and 3 1, are in thepositions shown in the figure, and that the battery 16' is dischargedbelow its normal working voltage, the driving motor being started,current generated by the dyname will flow through the parts 17, 22, 34',35. 34, 21, 1.4, 20, 5 and 18 to the terminal 2, thereby building up thedynamo field 5, and also energizing the magnet bar 13, which raises thearmature bar 11 and lifts the operating rod 10, by means of whichcontact is made by the spring 7, and the contact member 8. Thisoperation of the switch permits the current to flow through the parts17, 16', 29, 22, 15, 8, 7, U, 9 and 18 to the dynamo terminal 2 therebybeginning the charge of the battery. As the voltage increases pwing to ithe rise in speed of the dynamo and the building up of the lield 5. thearmature 1] is further raised. disengaging the spring ll from thecontact member 9. This shifting of the swit h changes the current fromthe wire 13 to the wire it) through coil 15 thereby increasing the pullon the armature bar 11, and causes the current to flow through theseries coil '1 which is wound to oppose the shunt. coil 8, andredncingthyflow of the current. ,rThc current will .ontinue its flowthrough the parts 17. 1(3' 22. 2:2, 15, S, 7, 15, 1t). 4t. and 18 to thedynamo terminal 2 until the rise in voltage is sutlicient to cause thein dicator 30* of the Volt-meter 30 to contact with the contact member31 and permit current to flOW,fl.Ol11 the wire 17 through the lines 22and 22, the winding 31), line 22*, parts 31 and 3t), and line 22" to thereturn wire 22. This flow of current will energize the magnet bar 39,raising the armature bar 37 and lifting the operating rod 30 and thencethe contact rod 33 by means of which contact is made by the contactmembers 31, 35, and 31. This operation will interrupt the circuit fromthe dynamo terminal 3 through the parts 17, 22", 34-, 35, 34, 21, 14,

20, 5 and 1S and return to the dynamo terminal 2. \Vhcreupon thearniatnie bar 11 and connected parts will drop by gravity and allow thespring 7 to disengage from the contact member 8. This operation in turnwill break the circuit from the dynamo terminal 3 through the parts 17,10, 22, 22, 15, S, 7, 6, 9 and 1S and return to the dynamo terminal 2.The fields of the dynamo ill now be cut out of circuit and the armatureof the dynamo will merely turn over without the generation of current,and all possibility of short circuiting of thedynamo will be removed.The several dynamo circuits will now be interrupted, and a batterycircuit established through the parts 16, 22", 22, 39", 22", 31, 30, 22,22 and return to the opposite pole of the battery. This battery circuitwill continue as long as the battery voltage is StlffiClBlllZ tomaintain contact of the indicator 30, with the contact member 31. When,however, the battery Volta e falls below this point and allows the inicator 30 to disengage itself from the contact member 31, the How of thecurrent from the battery 16' through the parts 22", 22, 39 22", 31, 30,22", 22 and return to the opposite pole of the battery will beinterrupted. The armature bar 37 and connected parts will be maintainedin this open or lifted position by means of the action of spring -13pressing against the armature 42. This will continue until the voltageof the battery drops to such a point as will cause the indicator 30 toengage with the contact 31 and permit current to flow from the batterythrough the parts 223', 22 41, 22, it, 30, 22", 22 and return to thebattery.

- by my invention and intended to be covered big 41 and thereby causethe armature bar 42 to overcome the action of the spring 43 anddisengage itself from the end 36 of the armature bar 37. Vhereupon, thearmature bar 37 and connected parts will be drawn downward by gravityand by the action of the spring 3?". This will reestablish contactbetween the contact members 3t. 35. and 34 l and the process of chargingthe battery will be repeated.

It will tlms be seen that both coils 4 and 5, wound to oppose eachother, are thrown into the circuit as the battery 16' approaches a fullcharge, and that the dynamo current passing through the battery 16' isthereby reduced to a minimum until the automatic switch 32 opens, or thebattery lti' has been discharged below its normal Working voltage in theperformance of its function at which time the parts will resume theposition shown in the drawing and the several operations will berepeated as before. It Will be further seen from the foregoing that theapparat'us acts auton'iatically, and not only prevents any overchargingof the battery, but also prevents any discharge from the battery intothe dynamo.

The division of the series winding on the magnetic switch into two parts15 and 15', is designed to prevent the hunting or vibration of themoving member 11 and the parts controlled thereby, which would be likelyto result from the introduction of the series field into the circuit andconsequent reduction of the current flowing between the dynamo andbattery through the coil 15. By this device the magnetic pull on theswitch increased when the field of the dynamo is weakened.

The forms of cut-offs shown, are conventional ones and it will beapparent to those familiar with the art that other forms of cut-otl'mechanism might be substituted in the combinations without changing theinvention.

Other changes which will be apparent to those skilled in the art, arecomprehended This flow of current will energize the wind- I l i l by theclaims.

Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what I claimas new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is the following:

1. The combination with a shunt and series wound dynamo, of a secondarybattery in the series circuit. automatic cut ofl means adapted to openthe shunt circuit when the VOltage rises above a predetermined point,and an automatic cut off controlling the serics'circuit and governed bythe current in the shunt circuit and adapted to open I such seriescircuit when the shunt circuit is I o peued 2. Thecombination with ashunt and series, l

wound dynamo, of a secondary battery in the series circuit, automaticcut off means adapted to open the shunt circuit when the voltage risesabove a predetermined point, an automatic cut off controlling the seriescircuit and governed by the current in the shunt circuit and adapted toopen such series circuit when the shunt circuit is opened, and automaticmeans controlled by the battery for securing the operation of the saidcut off means to close the shunt circuit when the voltage falls below apredetermincd point.

3. The combination with a shunt and series wound dynamo,of a secondarybattery in the series circuit. automatic cut oil means adapted to openthe shunt circuit when the voltage rises above a predetermined point,and an automatic cut off controlling the series circuit and governed bythe current in the shunt circuit and adapted to open such series circuitwhen the shunt circuit is opened and close it again when the shuntcircuit is closed.

4. The combination with a shunt and series wound dynamo, of a secondarybattery in the series circuit, automatic cut oil means adaptcd to openthe shunt circuit when the voltage rises above a predetermined point, ananto n'iatic cut off controlling the series circuit and governed by thecurrent iirtlie shunt circuit and adapted to open such series cir cuitwhen the shunt circuit is opened and close it again when the shuntcircuit is closed. and automatic means controlled by the battery forsecuring the operation of the said cut off means to close the shuntcircuit when the voltage falls below a predetermined point.

5. The combination with a shunt and series wound dynamo, of a secondarybattery in the series circuit, cut ofi means in the shunt circuit, asecond shunt circuit carrying electro magnetic means for operating thecut ofl' means, automatic means for closing the second shunt circuitwhen the voltage rises above a uedetermined point whereby the shuntcircuit is opened, and an automatic cut off governed by the current inthe shunt circuit controlling the series circuit and adapted to opensuch series when the shunt circuit is opened.

6. The combination with a shunt and series wound dynamo, of a secondarybattery in the series circuit, cut oft means in the shunt circuit, asecond shunt circuit carry- .ing electro magnetic means tor operatingthe cut off means, automatic means for closing the second shunt circuitwhen the voltage rises above a predetermined point whereby the shuntcircuit is opened. and an automatic cut oil governed by the current inthe shunt circuit controlling the series circuit and adapted to opensuch series circuit when the shunt circuit is opened and close it whenthe shunt circuit closed.

7. The combination with a shunt and selilii ries wound dynamo, of asecondary battery in the series circuit, cut oft means in the shuntcircuit, a second shunt circuit carry ing electro magnetic means foroperating the cut off means, automatic means for closing the secondshunt circuit when the vol- K cut oti' means when the voltage dropsbelow i a predetermined point, and an automatic cpt otf governed by thecurrent in the shunt circuit controlling the series circuit and adaptedto open such series when the shunt circuit is opened.

The combination with a shunt and series wound dynamo, of a secondarybattery in the series circuit, a second shunt circuit for cutting outthe series winding, and an automatic. switch device lying in the seriescircuit and second shunt circuit and governed by an operating windinglying in the shunt circuit, the said switch device normally maintainingthe said series and second shunt circuit open, and adapted on anincrease of voltage in the shunt circuit to first close the second shuntcircuit and then on a further increase to open such circuit and closethe series circuit.

9. The combination with a shunt and series wound dynamo, of a secondarybattery in the series circuit, a second shunt circuit for cutting outthe series winding, and an automatic switch device lying in the seriescircuit and second shunt circuit and governed by an operating windinglying in the shunt circuit, the said switch device normally maintainingthe said series and second shunt circuit open, and adapted on anincrease of voltage in the shunt circuit to first close the second shuntcircuit and then on a further increase to open such circuit and closethe series circuit, and a second operating winding circuit for assistingin the movement of the switch device.

10. The combination with a shunt and series wound dynamo of a secondarybattery in the series circuit, a second shunt circuit for cutting outthe series winding, and an automatic switch device lying in the seriescircuit and a second shunt circuit. and governed by an operating windinglying in the shunt circuit, the said switch device normally maintainingthe said series and second shunt circuit open, and adapted on anincrease of voltage in the shunt circuit to first close the second shuntcircuit and. then on a further increase to open such circuit and closethe series circuit, and a second operating winding in the series circuitarranged in two sections and connected to the switch device so as to besuccessively brought into the circuit as the sccond shunt and series ciucuit are closed.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence oithe two subscribing Witnesses.

FRED RIPLEY BABCOUK.

\Vitnesses A. S. MGKEE, PAUL CARPENTER.

